Combination of proteases, cell wall degrading enzymes, phytase and amylase did not have a significant difference in protein solubility. At pH 4 and 5 protein solubility decreased. Proteases had minor effect on the protein hydrolysis, the highest increase was from 6.3% (control, 4h, 50 ☌) to 9.3% (FlavourSEB, 0.5%, 4h, 50 ☌). The effectiveness of enzymes was increased with longer incubation time. The results were promising, Viscozyme L (1%, 4h, 50 ☌) solubilised 23% more dietary fibre compared to the control sample. The aim of cowpea treatment was to increase the protein solubility.įor sorghum, cell wall degrading enzymes were used to solubilise dietary fibre. The aim of sorghum treatment was to solubilise insoluble dietary fibre, which contributes to the poor taste of sorghum-based products, and to hydrolyse insoluble proteins, which limit the nutritional value of the flour. Thesis is a part of NUTRIFOODS Project the aim of which is to increase demand in local sustainable crops. Both crops are known as African Climate-Smart Food Crops which are not utilised to their fullest potential due to inaccessibility of the part of the nutrients and unsatisfactory sensory evaluation. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of enzymatic treatment and fermentation on the functional properties of Sorghum and Cowpea flours intended to be used in baking applications. Cowpea genotypes which gave higher seed yield under water-stressed conditions could play an important role in sustaining crop production in the Delmarva region. The harvest index (HI) varied significantly among genotypes, with Texas Cream 8 having the lowest HI. Genotypes Quickpick Pinkeye and Elite were identified as early maturing genotypes. The highest biological yield under non-water-stressed conditions was given by genotypes Two Crop Brown, White Acre and Elite, whereas under the water-stressed condition genotypes Texas Cream 8, California Blackeye 5, and Mississippi Silver gave higher biological yield. California Blackeye 5 was the highest seed-yielding genotype under both water-stressed and non-water-stressed conditions. Genotypes California Blackeye 5 and Champion gave comparatively better seed yields under water-stressed conditions. The results showed that under non-water-stressed conditions cowpea genotypes California Blackeye 5, Champion and Mississippi Silver gave higher seed yields, while genotypes White Acre, Six Week Browneye and Texas Cream 8 provided lower seed yields. The cowpea genotypes were grown in rain-out shelters under non-water-stressed and water-stressed conditions. Field experiments were conducted in which 10 genetically diverse cowpea genotypes were evaluated for adaptability to the Delmarva area.
Walp.) is primarily grown in drier regions of the world where it is one of the most drought-resistant food legumes. Drought is an important yield-reducing factor for corn and soya bean which are the two major crops in the Delaware, Maryland and Virginia (Delmarva) region of the United States.
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